predicate — 英語辞典

名詞

1. The part of the sentence (or clause) which states a property that a subject has or is characterized by.

   例文

   その他の例文 (2)

   In the light of this observation, consider Number Agreement in a sentence like: (120) They seem to me [_S — to be fools/^✽a fool] Here, the Predicate Nominal fools agrees with the italicised NP they, in spite of the fact that (as we argued earlier) the two are contained in different Clauses at S-structure. How can this be? Under the NP MOVEMENT analysis of seem structures, sentences like (120) pose no problem; if we suppose that they originates in the — position as the subordinate Clause Subject, then we can say that the Predicate Nominal agrees with the underlying Subject of its Clause. How does they get from its underlying position as subordinate Clause Subject to its superficial position as main Clause Subject? By NP MOVEMENT, of course!

   Thus, in (121) (a) persuade is clearly a three-place Predicate — that is, a Predicate which takes three Arguments: the first of these Arguments is the Subject NP John, the second is the Primary Object NP Mary, and the third is the Secondary Object S-bar [that she should resign]. By contrast, believe in (121) (b) is clearly a two-place Predicate (i.e. a Predicate which has two Arguments): its first Argument is the Subject NP John, and its second Argument is the Object S-bar [that Mary was innocent].

2. A term of a statement, where the statement may be true or false depending on whether the thing referred to by the values of the statement's variables has the property signified by that (predicative) term.

   例文

   A propositional variable may be treated as a nullary predicate.

   A predicate is either valid, satisfiable, or unsatisfiable.

3. An operator, expression, or function that returns either true or false.

   例文

   Predicates are usually found in a query's WHERE or HAVING clauses, though they can be located elsewhere (e.g. in CASE expressions).

形容詞

1. Of or related to the predicate of a sentence or clause.

2. Predicated, stated.

3. Relating to or being any of a series of criminal acts upon which prosecution for racketeering may be predicated.

動詞

1. To announce, assert, or proclaim publicly.

   用法

   • 他動詞

2. To assume or suppose; to infer.

   用法

   • 他動詞

   例文

   その他の例文 (2)

   There was a character about Madame Defarge, from which one might have predicated that she did not often make mistakes against herself in any of the reckonings over which she presided.

   Of anyone else it would have been said that she was finding the afternoon rather dreary in the vast halls not of her forefathers: but of Miss Power it was unsafe to predicate so surely.

3. To base (on); to assert on the grounds of.

   用法

   • 他動詞

   例文

   The law is what constitutes both desire and the lack on which it is predicated.

   その他の例文 (1)

   Cryptocurrencies, after all, are in many cases not so much currencies as speculative thingamabobs — digital tokens whose value is predicated largely on the idea that someone will take them off your hands at a higher price than it cost you to acquire them.

4. To make a term (or expression) the predicate of a statement.

   用法

   • 他動詞

5. To assert or state as an attribute or quality of something.

   用法

   • 他動詞

   例文

   その他の例文 (1)

   1911, Encyclopedia Britannica, Conceptualism This quality becomes real as a mental concept when it is predicated of all the objects possessing it (“quod de pluribus natum est praedicari”).

名詞

1. (logic) what is predicated of the subject of a proposition; the second term in a proposition is predicated of the first term by means of the copula

   上位語

   term

   例文

   ‘Socrates is a man’ predicates manhood of Socrates

2. one of the two main constituents of a sentence; the predicate contains the verb and its complements

   同義語

   verb phrase

   上位語

   phrase

動詞

1. make the (grammatical) predicate in a proposition

   上位語

   relateinterrelate

   例文

   The predicate ‘dog’ is predicated of the subject ‘Fido’ in the sentence ‘Fido is a dog’

2. affirm or declare as an attribute or quality of

   同義語

   proclaim

   上位語

   assertasseveratemaintain

   例文

   The speech predicated the fitness of the candidate to be President

3. involve as a necessary condition of consequence; as in logic

   同義語

   connote

   上位語

   imply

   例文

   solving the problem is predicated on understanding it well