commutation — قاموس الإنجليزية

اسم

1. Substitution of one thing for another; interchange.

   الاستعمال

   • عتيق
   • معدود
   • رسمي
   • غير معدود

2. Specifically, the substitution of one kind of payment for another, especially a switch to monetary payment from obligations of labour.

   الاستعمال

   • معدود
   • غير معدود

   أمثلة

   أمثلة إضافية (1)

   Professor Postan has argued in favour of a rapid move towards commutation in the twelfth century which slackened or even went into reverse in the course of the thirteenth.

3. The change to a lesser penalty or punishment by the State

   الاستعمال

   • معدود
   • غير معدود

   أمثلة

   أمثلة إضافية (1)

   Monsieur the Marquis de Sade [was] now holed up in one of his châteaux while his wife worked for the commutation of a sentence passed on him recently for poisoning and buggery.

4. Substitution, as a means of discriminating between phonemes.

   الاستعمال

   • معدود
   • غير معدود

5. The reversal of an electric current.

   الاستعمال

   • معدود
   • غير معدود

6. A passing from one state to another; change; alteration; mutation.

   الاستعمال

   • معدود
   • مهجور
   • غير معدود

7. The act of giving one thing for another; barter; exchange.

   الاستعمال

   • معدود
   • مهجور
   • غير معدود

اسم

1. The process or habit of journeying to and from work on a regular basis; commuting.

   الاستعمال

   • استعمال أمريكي
   • معدود
   • nonstandard
   • غير معدود

   أمثلة

   أمثلة إضافية (4)

   but there was no city officer to stand forth and ask for it — not even so much as to require frequent trains, low fares, and commutations on that part of the road which ran within the city limits.

   These permit the limited number willing to abandon their automobiles for long hikes to visit some of the most rugged terrain in Southern California. Major resort centers with substantial year-around residence (and much commutation) occur in the western Santa Monica Mountains, the San Bernardino Mountains, and around Idyllwild in the San Jacinto.

   After decades of complaint that cities are exploited by suburban commuters, the American metropolis is experiencing more and more commutation in the other direction. In some metropolitan areas, there is as much commutation out of the city as into it.

   When Mary worked as an adjunct, she deliberately never calculated how much commutation and the babysitter were costing because she suspected that she was probably losing money on the deal.

اسم

1. the travel of a commuter

   مرادفات

   commuting

   مصطلحات أعمّ

   traveltravelingtravelling

2. a warrant substituting a lesser punishment for a greater one

   مصطلحات أعمّ

   warrant

3. (law) the reduction in severity of a punishment imposed by law

   مرادفات

   re-sentencing

   مصطلحات أعمّ

   clemencymercifulnessmercy

4. the act of putting one thing or person in the place of another:

   مرادفات

   substitutionexchange

   مصطلحات أعمّ

   change